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Papers presented
at this Symposium, as outlined in the contents below, are available
in a bound volume of proceedings
from Mrs Marian Rolfe at BHR Group.
The next vent
in this series will be in 2009, so please see our new
website for details.
Introduction
Tunnel technology
is developing rapidly as longer tunnels are built to help solve
the traffic and transportation demands of the twenty first century.
Many of the newest tunnels are being designed for situations where
other infrastructure is not practical:
- to alleviate
traffic congestion in urban areas
- to reduce
the level of airborne pollutants at ground level
- to traverse
mountainous and underwater areas over long distances
The increase
in the number of long tunnels has created demand for better understanding
of ventilation techniques and aerodynamics behaviour of vehicles.
In addition to demand for design and operational efficiency, this
is driven by the need to comply with new safety and environmental
legislation.
In road tunnels,
the development of more energy efficient power units has led to
a smaller amount but greater variety of emissions, with important
implications for tunnel ventilation design.
Tunnels in rapid
rail links pose particular aerodynamic problems for designers and
engineers due to the high speed of the vehicles.
Refurbishment
of older tunnels to meet new and more stringent safety legislation
places pressure on engineers to provide complex ventilation solutions,
often within the constraints of existing infrastructure.
Fire safety
has become a particularly important issue, as evidenced by the Channel
Tunnel Fire.
Control and
monitoring techniques are developing rapidly to keep up with the
advances in tunnel design.
All types of
tunnel require more efficient ventilation over larger distances.
Effective design is required to provide air for tunnel users, while
also removing smoke and fumes during emergencies.
The ability
to design efficient and safe ventilation systems for long tunnels
is being assisted by the rapid advance in analysis, calculation
and simulation techniques using sophisticated computational fluid
dynamics techniques. The recent publication of the Boston Memorial
Tunnel programme fire test results provides a new opportunity to
validate these techniques.
Effective tunnel
design is essential or the benefits above ground will be offset
by problems in the tunnel itself. The technology is developing rapidly
and this symposium, held every three years, provides a unique opportunity
for researchers, designers, contractors and operators to come together.
It presents the ideal forum to exchange and discuss results of the
latest developments and to debate the direction and philosophy for
future work.
For more information
on future conferences please see our list of future
events.
CONFERENCE
PROCEEDINGS
The Conference
Proceedings are now available containing the following papers.
TECHNICAL
PROGRAMME
Foreword
Mr J R Gillard,
Chairman of the Aerodynamics and Ventilation of Vehicle Tunnels Committee
Opening
Address
Ventilation of
Tunnels in the Italian Motorway Network - Research, Evolution and
Trends
Ing Franco Cuaz, SAV (Aosta Valley Motorways) Chairman
AERODYNAMICS
- ROAD 1
New Solutions to
An Old Problem: Aerodymanic Measurements in New Vehicle Tunnels
A C de Bruin and R A Maarsingh, National Aerospace Laboratory
(NLR); L Swart, Ministry of Transport, Public Works and Water Management
Investigation of the Wall-friction, Pressure Distribution and the
Effectiveness of Big Jetfans with Deflection Blades in the Fodnes
Tunnel in Norway
G Lotsberg, Public Roads Administration
The Influence of Separation, Inclination and Swirl on Single and Coupled
Jet Fans Installation Efficiency
A D Martegani, G Pavesi, Department of Mechanical Engineering,
Padua University; C Barbetta, Woods Italiana SpA
The Effects of Jet Plum Configuration on the Installation Efficiency
of Jet Fans
W T W Cory, Woods of Colchester; R D Matthews, M Tabarra, B Kenrick,
Centre for Tunnel Aerodynamics Research, South Bank University
AERODYNAMICS
- ROAD II
Study on Prediction
Method for Air Quality Control for Complex Road Structures
Y Ota, Chiyoda Engineering Consultants Co Ltd
Stack Effect Use in Road Tunnel Ventilation: An Analysis Based on
Experimental Data and Model Simulation
R Borchiellini, V Ferro, V Giaretto, Politecnico di Torino
New French Recommendations for Fire Ventilation in Road Tunnels
D Lacroix, Centre d'Etudes des Tunnels (CETU)
Some Thoughts on the Design of A Road Tunnel Ventilation System for
A Fire
M A Berner, J R Day, Electrowatt Engineering Ltd
An Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Duct Flow with
An Inclined Jet Injection
A Mizuno, J Sato, R Yano, Kogakuin University
Composition of a Grading Function for Performance of Road Tunnel Ventilation
Control
M Ishida, M Fukuhara, Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd;S
Nishimori, Dosys Ltd
Development of a Transverse Ventilation Simulator For Long Tunnels
with Merging and Diverging Sections in Urban Areas
K Enomoto, Metropolitan Expressway Public Corporation; H Ohashi,
K Toshihiro, A Toshiro, U Toru, Toshiba Corporation
A New Pressure Measurement System on a Moving Motorcar for Analyzing
Aerodynamics of Road Tunnels
M Fujisaki, H Kawakami, Fuji Electric Co Ltd; N Mizuno, Kogakuin
University; T Goto, Dosys Co Ltd; Y Imai, Japan Highway Public Corporation
EQUIPMENT
The Application
of Aeroacoustic Principles to the Supression of Fan Noise in Underground
Metros
J A B Wills, S Coleman, BMT Fluid Mechanics Limited, C W Pope,
Mott MacDonald
Specifying Dampers to Maximize Performance for Tunnel Ventilation
Systems
R A Lichtenwald, American Warming & Ventilating
Adjustable Impeller Blades Or Speed Regulation for Axial Fans of Tunnel
Ventilation Systems
M Zwicky, IUB Ingenieurunternehmung AG Bern; H P Müller, HBI Haerter
Simulation of Exhaust Flow Noise From Ventilation Tower of Vehicle
Tunnels
T Sawai, Technical Center of Metropolitain Expressway; S Mori,
Metropolitain Expressway Public Corporation; Y Maruta, Ebara Research
Co Ltd; H Tanabe, Ebara Corporation
AERODYNAMICS
- RAIL I
The Analysis of
Uncertainty for an Aerodynamic Drag Test in the Simplon Tunnel
W M S Bradbury, WS Atkins
Simulation of Compressible Flow Phenomena in the SWISSMETRO Tunnel
Network
A Rudolf, EPFL, Swiss Federal Inst of Technology
Airshafts for the Alleviation of Pressure Waves in Tunnels of the
New Swiss Rail 2000
J Burri, F Zumsteg, HBI Haerter AG
A New Test Facility for the Study of Interacting Pressure Waves and
Their Reduction in Tunnels for High Speed Trains
W B de Wolf, A C de Bruin, E A F A Demmenie, National Aerospace
Laboratory NLR
A Procedure for Aerodynamically Sizing the Cross-Section of Rail Tunnels
G Figura-Hardy, BR Research Limited; R G Gawthorpe, Consultant;
A E Vardy, University of Dundee
Computation of Incompressible Flow in Air Network
A V Gudzovsky, Russian Academy of Sciences
THERMODYNAMICS
- RAIL
Ventilation Requirements
for Diesel-Hauled Train Operation through Tunnels
J Temple, BR Research Ltd
Heat Transfer in a Train/Tunnel Annulus
G Dai, A Vardy, University of Dundee
Theoretical and Experimental Investigation of Changing Atmospheric
Conditions Inside An Occupied Confined Space with Particular Reference
to A Stationary Railway Vehicle in A Tunnel
H Barrow, University of Liverpool; C W Pope, Mott MacDonald, UK
Control for the Heat Regime of the Railway Tunnels Located in Severe
Climatic Condition
S G Gendler, Sr. Petersburg State Mining Institute
Influence of Radial Seepage on Temperature Distributions Around Tunnels
J Brown, Z Zeng, A Vardy, University of Dundee
Passenger Safety in Stalled Trains - Modelling of Tunnel Airflows
and Carriage Conditions
W Hulbert, S Gilham, S Ferguson, WS Atkins, Safety & Technology;
I Kingham, London Underground Limited
Tunnel Climate Simulation for Railway Tunnels
R Bopp, HBI Haerter AG
INTRODUCTION
TO CFD
The Osis Project
"EC Brite EuRam III Project "Outil de Simulation Incendie en Souterain"
W M S Bradbury, WS Atkins
An Innovative Design Analysis on Smoke Management of a Semi-transverse
Vehicle Tunnel Ventilation System
K H Yang, S K Lee, National Sun Yat-Sen University; B Y Tsuei,
T B Su, C H Su, T A Wang, China Engineering Consultants Inc
Analysis of the Flow Structure Downstream of A Fire in A Tunnel
O Vauquelin, Université de Valenciennes; E Casalé, SCETAUROUTE
Tunneling Division
Smoke Management for Large Open-Box Underground Transit Stations
D M Plotkin, Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas Inc; W D Kennedy,
Parsons Brinckerhoff International Inc
CFD Prediction of Smoke Movement in A Double Track Bored Tunnel, A
Cut & Cover Station and A Mined Station in the Athens Metro
J D Castro, N Rhodes, Mott MacDonald; G Leoutsakos, Attiko Metro
AE
Fire Emergency Ventilation Capacity for Road Tunnels with Considerable
Slope
K Opstad, P Aune, SINTEF Energy; J E Henning, The Norwegian Directorate
of Public Roads
ID-computer Simulations and Field Fire Testing Using A Chimney Limited
Longitudinal Smoke Control System
B Brousse, C Moret, Centre d'Études des Tunnels (CETU)
A Study of the Effect of Tunnel Aspect Ratio on Control of Smoke Flow
in Tunnel Fires
Y Wu, M A Bakar, Sheffield University; G T Atkinson, S Jagger,
Health and Safety Laboratory
The Impact of Fire Location in a Subway Station on Computer Simulation
Results and Fan Operation Requirements
P C Miclea, D McKinney, ICF Kaiser Engineers Inc
The Memorial Tunnel Fire Ventilation Test Program - Past, Present
and Future
A G Bendelius, Parsons Brinckerhoff Quade & Douglas Inc
The Use of a Zone Model in Predicting Fire and Smoke Propagation in
Tunnels
M Altinakar, A Weatherill, P Nasch, Bonnard et Gardel Consulting
Engineers Ltd
Monitoring and Computer-based Modelling of Fires in Networks
S B Romanchenko, NPO "Respirator" Ukraine; O V Smirnov, NTGA,
Russia
Physical Modelling and Numerical Simulation of Fire Events in Road
Tunnels
V Bennardo, E Cafaro, V Ferro, Politecnico di Torino; A Saluzzi,
Alenia Aerospazio
An Experimental and Computational Study of the Stability of Stratified
Fire Smoke in Model Tunnels
M Tabarra, B Kenrick, R D Matthews, Centre for Tunnel Aerodynamics
Research, South Bank University
Computational Fluid Dynamics modelling of fire on a one-third scale
model of a Channel Tunnel Heavy Goods Vehicle Shuttle
C J Lea, The Health & Safety Laboratory; I P Jones, M Owens, AEA
Technology
PROJECTS
- ROAD & RAIL I
Jet Fan Based Ventilation
for The Central Artery/Tunnel Project
C Nadel, W Connell, Bechtel/Parsons Brinckerhoff; A E Davies,
M F Lepage, Rowan Williams Davies & Irwin Inc
A Simulation System for Various Longitudinal Ventilation Tunnels
T Nakayuki, S Asanuma, Mitsubishi Electric Corporation; M Sato,
A Kobayashi, T Narita, Japan Highway Public Corporation, K Sakai,
Kogakuin University
The Tunnels Between Aosta and the Mt Blanc: Ventilation Design Anticipating
the Evolution in Clean Engines
A Henke, Lombardi Ltd
PROJECTS
- ROAD & RAIL II
High Speed Trains
Connections Cross-Bordering Northern Italy
F Semenza, Board of the Order of Engineers, Milano
Ventilation of the Meteor Line
D Gabay, Regie Autonome des Transports Parisiens
Prediction of Aerodynamic and Thermodynamic Characteristics of the
Athens Metro
G Leoutsakos, Attiko Metro AE; J A Grindley, D A Henson, Mott
MacDonald
Tunnel ventilation for the Heathrow express link
W G Gray, Mott MacDonald, I Sweetland, F van Vemden, Ventilatoren
Sirocco Howden
AERODYNAMICS
- RAIL II
The Alleviation
of Pressure Transients in a Main Line Railway Tunnel
D A Henson, C W Pope, Mott MacDonald
The Influence of Measures Near the Portal of Railway Tunnels on the
Sonic Boom
K Ehrendorfer, H Sockel, Technische Universität Wien
Experimental Study (scale 1/70 th) and Numerical Simulations of Pressure
Wave Fronts in Tunnels and Micro-pressure Waves at Tunnel Exits Due
to Train-tunnel High Speed Entry
R Grégoire, J M Réty, SNCF; V Morinière, M Bellenoue, T Kageyama,
LCD/CNRS
A numerical Simulation of Compression Wave Generated by a Train Entering
a Tunnel
T Oda, M Mitsuda, T Tanaka, I Yamagiwa, Kobe Steel Ltd; T Nakura,
M Ooishi, Central Japan Railway Company
Entry Compression Wave Generated by a High-Speed Train Entering a
Tunnel
K Matsuo, T Aoki, Kyushu University; S Mashimo, E Nakatsu, West
Japan Railway Company
Effect of Ballasted Track on Distortion of Pressure Wave in Tunnel
and Emission of Micro-Pressure Wave
S Ozawa, Tokyo Engineering University; K Murata, T Maeda, Railway
Technical Research Institute
POLLUTION
Removal of Carbon
Monoxide From Tunnel Exhaust Air by Catalysts
J Heinlein, E Kilic, S Richter, Centre for Energy, Water and Environmental
Techniques (ZEWU); H Müller; Degussa AG
Purification Processes for Tunnel Air
K Pucher, Institute for Internal Combustion Engines and Thermodynamics,
Technical University Graz
Testing of Electrostatic Precipitators Efficiency on Fire Smoke Absorbtion
K Opstad, SINTEF Energy; J E Henning, The Norwegian Directorate
of Public Roads
Ceiling Mounted Air Filtration Technology Used for Longitudinal Ventilation
H Anderl, Clean Tunnel Air International a/s; J E Henning, Norwegian
Public Road
Denitrification System for Road Tunnel Exhaust
A Katatani, N Kitagawa, Matsusita Seiko Co Ltd; Y Mimura, Matsuhita
Seiko Co Ltd; M Ishida Matsusita Industrial Co Ltd; A Hashimoto, Matsushita
Battery Industrial Co Ltd
Development of the World's Fastest Tunnel Electrostatic Precipitator
Y Kono, K Kawakami, Fuji Electric Co Ltd; T Ito, Musashi Institute
of Technology; T Goto, Dosys Co Ltd; Y Imai, Japan Highway Public
Corporation
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Copyright BHR Group Limited 2003. All rights reserved.