Papers presented at this Conference, as outlined in the contents below, are available in a bound volume of proceedings from Mrs Marian Rolfe at BHR Group Limited.

The theme of the 18th conference in the series on Fluid Sealing was "Sealing for Pollution Prevention & Control". This theme was selected because the likely impact of the Integrated Pollution Prevention & Control (IPPC) legislation on the chemical & petro-chemical industries came to the fore during the initial Technical Advisory Committee discussions on the selection of a theme for the Conference. The papers cover the full range of sealing industry related topics from reciprocal & rotating shaft sealing to elastomer seals to the latest developments in flange sealing and, most importantly in terms of sealing, to the subject of joint integrity, an area that is increasingly seen as of crucial importance from a compliance & safety perspective. Furthermore, also included are papers detailing experiences during work to ensure compliance with the legislation and case studies that indicate how systematic approaches resulted in the eradication of long term sealing problems.

About BHR Group
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CONTENTS

FOREWORD

PUMPS

The life cycle tribology of slurry pump and gland seals
N Ridgway, Weir-Warman Ltd. Australia; B O'Neill, C Colby, University of Adelaide, Australia

Improving mechanical seal life and operating efficiency in slurry application
H. Azibert, R Clark, A W Chesterton Company, USA

A Methodology for the design of an annular capillary seal that peerforms as both a seal and a journal bearing
J O'Blenes, E Clavelle, K K Botros, NOVA Chemicals Research & Technology Centre, Canada; D Gukert, G Dunn, NOVA Chemicals Corporation Canada

JOINT INTEGRITY

Assured sealing and reduced emissions - a changing mind set
R Corbett, Rotabolt Ltd, UK

Joint Data Management Systems: Joint integrity - the essential elements
G L Milne, Hedley Purvis Group, UK

A new approach to tightening bolted flanges
B Walters, SCANA UK Ltd, UK

IPPC

Understanding and control of fugitive emissions
K W McQuillan, Huntsman Petrochemicals (UK) Ltd, UK; G Smith, Envolve Ltd, UK

Implementing a task approval model in safety critical environments - a case study in oil refinery turnarounds
J T Hall, Chevron Texaco, UK; G Milne, Hedley Purvis Ltd, UK

A performing sealing solution for ammonia reactors
A Dube, Kemira Growhow, Belgium; B Firre, Latty International, Belgium; E Prod'homme, LJC, France

Sealing developments for reciprocating gas compressors
C Radcliffe, Hoerbirger Rings & Packings Ltd, UK

Assessment of loss of process containment of highly sub-cooled liquids through high-pressure industrial capillary seal
K K Botros, J O'Blenes, E Clavelle, NOVA Chemicals Research and Technology Centre, Canada; G Dunn, NOVA Chemicals Corporation, Canada

Making a practical difference to site fugitive emissions
A Jefferies, D Edwin-Scott, James Walker and Co Ltd, UK

FLANGE CONNECTIONS

A novel material development in PTFE-envelope-gasket fillers: a solvent-free, fluoroelastomer-based sheet with a low-compression modulus and expanded metal-core reinforcement
B Lehr, A Anderson, Interface Solutions Inc, USA

Biaxially orientated ptfe sheet sealing materials - further developments
D A Thomas, S Woolfenden, Flexitallic Ltd, UK

The development of an advanced, coreless and flexible, sheet sealing material by the use of an inorganic binder
J R Hoyes, D A Thomas, S Woolfenden, Flexitallic, UK

Development of the gaskets made from expanded graphite
M Gawlinski, J Blachura, Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland

Breakthrough innovation of a low loading metallic seal
M Lefrançois, Garlock, France

Springback analysis of metallic o-ring seals using the non-linear finite element method
W Li, S Mays, Trelleborg Sealing Solutions, UK

Predicting the high temperature sealing performance of a multi-layer gasket assembly using finite element method
E Ho, B S Nau, BHR Group Limited, UK

Leak-tightness consideration in the calculation of bolted flange connections according to the European standard EN1591-1
H Zerres, Y Guérout, Advanced Solution Engineering Ltd, UK

LIP SEAL APPLICATIONS

New shaft seals with sealing lips made of nonwoven-reinforced PTFE that provide protection against dust, dirt and muddy water
T Klenk, E Bock, Freudenberg DS KG, Germany

Effects of operating conditions on gas suction of radial lip seals
S Nakaoka, Y Sato, NOK Corporation, Japan; S Gondo, J Sugimura, Y Yamamoto, Kyushu University, Japan

Hydrodynamic aids for radial shaft seals with elastomeric lip
A Gorriño, BRUSS Juntas Técnicas S en C, Spain

LIP SEAL ANALYSIS

The use of flow factors in the analysis of rotary lip seals
R F Salant, A H Rocke, Georgia Institute of Technology, USA

PTFE lip seals with spiral groove - the penetration behaviour, hydrodynamic flow and back pumping mechanisms
F Bauer, W Haas, University of Stuttgart, Germany

Numerical and experimental study of dynamic elastomeric seals behaviour under actively controlled temperature conditions
M Silvestri, E Prati, A Tasora, Università degli Studi di Parma, Italy

ELASTOMER SEALS

Stribeck curve in reciprocating seals
M Kaneta, T Takeshima, S Togami, H Nishikawa, Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan; Y Kanzaki, NOK Corporation, Japan

Diffusion timescales of gases and liquids in elastomeric O-rings
B S Nau, BHR Group Limited, UK

Water-swellable materials - application in self-repairing sealing systems
H Wack, Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety and Energy Technology UMSICHT, Germany

SEALING TECHNOLOGY - BAT GUIDANCE NOTES

1. Executive summary

2. Preface

Relevant legal obligations of the IPPC Directive Definition of BAT
Objective of this document
Information sources
How to understand and use this document

3. General introduction

Fugitive emissions
Other European approaches to the control of fugitive emissions
Sources of fugitive emissions
Volatile organic compounds (VOC'S)

4. Generic BAT for sealing technologies

Good operating practices
Management systems
Training
Process design
Maintenance Monitoring to determine leaking losses
Key sources of leaks
Spill and leak prevention
Volatile organic compounds
Relative costs of generic BAT for sealing technologies

5. BAT for bolted flange connections

Gaskets
Current emission levels
Gasket selection Storage and handling of gaskets and gasket materials
Assembly procedures
Safety aspects and joint failure
BAT for bolted flange connections
Relative costs of BAT for bolted flange connections
Emerging techniques

6. BAT for rotodynamic equipment

Pumps

Emission management in pumps
Pump reliability
Mechanical seals
BAT for pumps
Life cycle cost (LCC)
Relative life cycle cost guide

Compressors

Emission management in compressors
BAT for compressors

Other rotodynamic equipment

Emission management for other rotodynamic equipment
BAT for other rotodynamic equipment

Emerging techniques

7. BAT for reciprocating shafts

BAT for reciprocating compressors

8. BAT for valves

Valve leakage
Compression packings
Installation of compression packings
Current emission levels
Application guide for BAT in valves
Valve live-loading
Best available techniques
Relative costs of BAT for valves
Emerging techniques

9. Glossary of sealing terms

10. Conversion factors

SI units
Multiples of SI units
Units of common usage in sealing terminology
Conversion factors (SI units)

11. Further reading

12. References

AUTHOR INDEX